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E-PAPER DISPLAY FAQ

Number of visits: Date:2017-08-16

We have compiled all the collected e-paper FAQs into a small tool that allows customers to easily find out the answers themselves. If you have a need, please click here to view.

 

Q: Are your E-Paper Displays RoHS compliant?

A: All of Good Display E-Paper Displays are RoHS compliant.

Q: What is the difference between an Matrix display and an Segmented display?

A: The underlying ePaper technology is very similar but is tuned to the needs of the different applications of a Matrix display versus a Segmented display.

Matrix displays are intended for applications requiring the display of many different forms of text and images. These displays comprise of a large array of pixels. These individual pixels are controlled by a TFT array similar to what you will have a typical computer monitor or TV screen.

Segmented displays are intended for applications where the display requirements can be met using predefined segments that can be turned on or off. This is similar to what one would see in a typical calculator with a numeric or alphanumeric display.

Basically will the display be made up of an array of pixels or by a collection of predefined shapes.

 

Q: What is Good Display's minimum purchase quantity for Matrix e-paper displays? And what about the small size, for example, 2.9 inch? 

A: You can purchase one unit matrix display for standard products, but you must have 100,000 unit and even more volume for custom products, this varies based on the size and requirements of the display application and whether it is a custom or standard size display. It is best to discuss your requirements with a member of our sales team. And for the small size(less than 3.5 inches), the molding fee is about 100,000 US dollars, the MOQ is 500K.

 

Q: What is the pricing for Good Display Matrix E-ink displays?

A: Pricing for Matrix displays depends on volumes and whether the display is a custom or standard display. The main driver of pricing is the overall display size, whether the display is monochrome or color.

    And you can get the current pricing for Matrix E-ink displays from the following linking.  

 

 buy-lcd.com

 

 aliexpress.com

 

 

Q: How large/small can Matrix e-ink displays be?

A: The size and shape of a Matrix e-ink display is totally dictated by the size of the electrical backplane that the FPL is laminated to. Displays can be very small or very large. E Ink has standard display modules. Almost any size and shape can be made depending on the volumes.

 At present, the largest e-ink display is 32 inch E-ink Display, and the smallest e-ink display is 1.02 inch E-ink Display.

 

Q: What voltage is required to drive a Matrix e-ink display?

A: The drive for E Ink displays is typically 15 volts. An ecosystem of electronic components exists for design of complete epaper systems.

 

Q: How much power does a Matrix e-ink display consume?

A: Matrix e-ink displays are bi-stable. This means that they only consume power while the display is being updated. No power is required to maintain an image after it has been updated. The power required to for the update process depends on the size of the display but is of the order of microwatts.

 

Q: Does Good Display have developer kits for Matrix products?

A: Yes there are E-ink display developer kits available for Matrix products from Good Display. and you can buy these development kits online or contact our sales.

 

Q: Does Good Display have a color product or is it only monochrome?

A: Good Display does have a tri-color E-ink display products,.Black White Red mode or Black White Yellow mode, you can learn more by visiting 3-color epaper.  

 

Q: How long does it take to update an image on an Matrix e-ink display?

A: An e-ink display module supports numerous modes for updating the display. Different modes exist to support the different update requirements. Update times can be as short as 300 msec. for the entire display. Also to consider is that because e-ink screens are bi-stable, only the regions of the screen that are changing require updating. Any pixels that are not changing do not require updating.

 

Q: Can an Matrix e-ink display support animation or video rates?

A: Using the faster update modes, e-ink screens can support animation quality video rates. A number of examples are available from customers that show examples of e-ink screens showing video.

 

Q: Does Good Display provide or support flexible matrix displays?

A: The flexibility of an EPD display is controlled by the backplane. Good Display does support flexible backplanes, now we have these flexible e-ink displays for you.

 

Q: What is the thickness of an Matrix E-Paper display?

A: Thicknesses range from 1mm to 1.2 mm. This includes the FPL, protective sheet and the glass TFT backplane.

 

Q: What is the temperature range for Matrix E-Paper displays?

A: The operating temperature range for an Matrix display is from 0-50 °C, and the storage temperature range is from -20-70°C.

    The operating temperature range for an Matrix DES display is from -20-60 °C, and the storage temperature range is from -25-70°C. 

 

 

 

Q: What is waveform?

A: Waveform are predefined voltage impulse sequences used by display controller to manipulate ink.
The voltage sequence and temperature range are stored in a lookup Table(LUT) and is precisely paired to the display by production lots to enable precise placement of pigment to achieve accurate gray-level.

 

Q: Why does waveform need?

A: Because of every lots of E INK material has slightly different at ink characteristics which effects are temperature dependent.
So, waveform is a driving method which consider the factor of temperature, production lot, display size and waveform type to control the each lots of EPD performance at same range, and this is Good Display's responsibility to provide the suitable waveform to our customer.

 

Q: What are the types of waveform mode?

A: The waveform mode optional argument allows you to select the type of waveform update.

WF type

Updated time

Bit depth

Properties

INIT

4 sec

1

The INIT waveform flashes the display and drives the display to a white state. Used this waveform if the display is in an unknown state such as when the previous image is unknown due to reboot, or just test the host function.

MU/DU

260 ms

1

Direct update is only used when pixels are updating from any gray-level to either white to black such as handwriting or menu. Gray pixels will not be affected, MU/DU is about twice as fast as GC or GU.

GU

780 ms

2~4

Grayscale Update is a non-flashing waveform that can be used to update changing grayscale pixels.

GC4/8/16

600/780/980 ms

2~4

Grayscale Clear is a flashing waveform used to provide the accurate update performance. All pixels are updated or cleared.


       Q: What is the normal product lifetime of Good Display's e-ink display?

A: For standard products, it is a minimum of 5 years or the times of refresh is 1,000,000. 
       

Q: Do Good Display E-Paper Displays have CE certification?

A: CE certification is typically given to end products. Since the E-Paper Display is a component, it does not carry CE certification.

 

Q:Can it be realistic? If want to integrate the circuit onto the e paper FPC to replace PCB directly, the PCB will not be used in the product, and the FPC of the epaper need open a mould

A: If the FPC fixed with the components will have a yield problem. The FPC is bendable and it is easy to cause the loss of the components. This solution cannot be operated.

 

Q:Can you do an irregular shape segmen E paper?

A:Yes,, we can .As long as the number of segment is not too many and IC is easy to choose. Additionally, PCB is more easy packaging than that of flexible one . But we can do if must be, tooling cost will be higher 20% - 30%  than normal  type segment E paper .

 

Q: Can large size monochrome or color E paper support FPC open mould?

A:Yes. Minimum order is 10K.The sample delivery date is 25 to 30 days after payment of the model fee.

 

Q: What does LUT and OTP stand for?

A:LUT stands for external waveform, OTP represents the built-in waveform.

 

Q: How to set LUT for OTP support products?

A:The partial refresh support product needs LUT, and the rest can be.

 

Q: Partial refresh remnant shadow problem for GDEW0154D27

A:Extending the refresh time, add a full screen update after several times partial refresh.

 

Q: What is the voltage of adapt board?

A:3.3 V, 5 V  without any connection.

 

Q: The reason for the horizontal bar in the three color electronic paper.

A:There is a possibility of a horizontal bar for hardware settings and improper changes in software programs.

 

Q: The cause of red diffusion in the short time after the refresh of the color electronic paper.

A:When the steady state is not established, the refresh is stopped.

 

Q: Why is a SPI  Epaper screen longer than a parallel screen when updating?

A:Because the serial port only transmits 1 bit of data at a time, the parallel way can be transmitted simultaneously.

 

Q: Storage humidity for electronic paper.

A:40% to 70%.

 

Q:If the E paper display can work on Operation Conditions: Temperature 0-40  ; Humidity 5-90%RH ?

A:Operating Temperature O—40℃is okay, and we recommend the suitable Humidity is from 35% to 65% RH.

 

Q:If it is acceptable for Indoor Humidity about 30-60% in Summer & 30-80% in Winter?

A:The Humidity in Summer and in Winter can be acceptable for the matched Temperature range of 0--25℃or +10--35℃.

 

Q:If Tcon demo can come with temperature sensor?

A:The IC LM75A installed on the Tcon is temperature sensor.

 

Q:How to solve the unclean problem when 2.9 inch e-paper display refreshed in the first time from deep sleep mode?

A: The process of refreshing from deep sleep mode is the proccess of re-energizing actually. So it is necessary to have a full refresh first to avoid ghost.

 

Q:Can our normal temperature e-paper display be used under strong light? Why is it partially darkened under strong light? 

A: No.Strong light will dry the charged particles in the microcapsules of e-paper display, make them lose activity and can not be refreshed or be recovered.

 
Q:What is the refreshing time of e-paper display?
A:1,For 2-color(black and white) e-paper display, full refresh is generally around 6s. The display with partial refresh, full refresh: 1s;partial refresh : 300ms around.
2, For 3-color(black, white and red/yellow) e-paper display, full refresh is generally around 12s except for GDEW0154C39 and GDEW0213C38, both of them are 25s around.
 
Q: Can the demo board integrate with the Arduino system?

A: No, only the Raspberry Pi system.

 

Q: Lower Power Solution for the e-paper display.

A: Two ways: cancel the deep sleep mode, or add an analog switch at the front end of the driver circuit.

 

Q:If the waveform file does not correspond to the display, will it affect the refresh?

A:Wave files and e-paper must be one-to-one correspondence. If confused, it may affect the refresh.
 
Q:How to intuitively distinguish the full refresh and the partial refresh?

A:The picture does not flash when partial refresh.

 

Q:What is the meaning of the DSP in the e-paper timing diagram?

A:The DSP is the feedback information that the e-paper passes to the MCU. After receiving the information, the MCU indicates that the e-paper data transmission is completed. This command is generally not used.

 

Q:Can I use the emulator to power e-paper directly?

A:No. Because the power supply of the emulator is unstable, the voltage will be pulled down when the e-paper is refreshed, and eventually it will not work properly.

 

Q:How does the e-paper rotate 180 degrees?

A:This can usually be done by modifying the initial scan direction.

 

Q:I can't find the 0x11 and 0x13 commands in the e-paper specification. What should I do?

A:If the required command is not found in the specification, the customer can consult the IC manual, which has detailed command explanations.

 

Note:

1. After downloading the program of the e-paper, you need to remove the short cap of P12, otherwise the e-paper display will not be lit.

2. In the case of long-term non-refresh, we need to power off the electronic paper or put it into deep sleep mode, otherwise it will damage the IC.

 

Q:When there is a delay in the middle of the two pictures when the e-paper is refreshed, can it be removed?

A:Yes, it can be removed.

 

Q:Does Good Display's DEMO board support the GCC compilation environment?

A:This does not support, the DESPI board is the Keil development environment, and the Arduino board is the Arduino development environment.

 

Q:What is the capacitance range of the e-paper drive circuit?

A:In theory, 50V is needed, and the user can also use 25V instead of the actual design.

 

Q:Can I use the program of A to refresh the B?
A:No. You must select correctly the corresponding sample program.
 
Q:When testing three-color e-paper, the time interval is 10s, and refreshed in succession. Finally, the e-paper has residual image or even brushed. What is the reason?
A:The specification requires that the three-color e-paper refresh interval is 180 seconds. In the case, the customer only has 10 seconds. This is doing a destructive test, which is far exceeding the standard. We hope that the customers will strictly follow the specifications in future tests.
 
Q:After the e-paper enters deep sleep, can it be refreshed again?
A:Yes, but you need to re-do the e-paper initialization operation with the software.
 
Q:Can I use tri-color e-paper as a monochrome e-paper?
A:In theory, it is ok, but when users use it, they need to use a monochrome e-paper program to refresh the three-color screen.
 
Q:What is the bending angle of flexible e-paper?
A:Keep the chip from bending and the e-paper display portion can be bent up to 60 degrees.
 
Q:Is there a general program for low temperature e-paper?
A:Yes. You can use the programs of the normal temperature e-paper which has the same size and same resolution.
 
Q:Sometimes, the red three-color e-paper shows a red shallow, why?
A:When the three-color e-paper is placed for a long time, it is best to invert and brush it all white, otherwise the red particles will sink. It is best to refresh every 24H when using it.
 
Q:How to drive flexible e-paper?
A:You can use the program of the glass substrate e-paper which has the same size and same resolution.
 
Q:Picture production and Bitmap Convert for a three color e-paper
A:First make a three-color map, then separate the two parts with software, one part is black and white, and the other part is red and white. Then modulo refresh can be done (except for individual large sizes)
 
Q:Can I change the display orientation of the screen?
A:Normal is OK, you need to use the modulo software to select "horizontal scanning" + "bottom to top scanning" + "color reversal"
 
Q:Sometimes the screen does not show well, why?
A:The modulo mode is incorrect. If it is the partial part of the screen, maybe the picture size or modulo resolution is incorrect.
 
Q:Can I achieve partial refresh at the same time in different locations of the screen?
A:This requires the customer to perform a unified operation during the software design. First you need to brush the data in different locations to the electronic paper IC, and then uniformly perform UPDATE.
 
Q:Where is the 0 point coordinate?
A:The upper right corner of the positive direction of the e-paper is the coordinate origin.
 
Q:In the continuous full-screen partial refresh, the residual image of the e-paper is serious, how to solve it?
A:You can perform a full brush after several consecutive partial refreshes.
 
Q:How to make the Picture production and Bitmap Convert? And Can I change this method?
A:Our company can provide users with complete instructions, please ask your sales staff. In addition, the method is the factory default. If you feel inconvenient, you can modify the history of the e-paper writing function by programming.
 
Q:There are different points in the Screen. How to solve it?
A:Different sizes of e-paper has different size of the spots, and customers can refer to the specifications for comparison. In addition, about the spots, the e-paper has a acceptable range when out of the factory. 
 
Q:How to distinguish the front and back of the screen?
A:The side with the protective film is the positive direction.
 
Q:Why does the e-paper display flash?
A:In order to eliminate the residual image, the e-paper needs to perform the clearing operation by flashing.
 
Q:Are there any special requirements for the use environment of e-paper?
A:Avoid direct sunlight and operate in strict accordance with the temperature and humidity range required by the specification. The tri-color screen needs to be placed upside down if it is not used for a long time, and the screen is completely white.
 
Q:How to download the program?
A:You need to purchase the JTAG emulator yourself, and you need to install the KEIL4 software for program download.
 
Q:J-link download
A:Our DEMO board supports J-link and the download port is JTAG.
 
Q:Can I drive e-paper with an nRF chip?
A:Yes, you only need to reserve 6 IO to drive the e-paper.
 
Q:How to read registers?
A:You need to edit the SPI read function yourself and read it as described in the specification.
 
Q:The display color is too light, how to adjust?
A:The e-paper display effect is improved by adjusting the VCOM voltage driven by this e-paper. The higher the VCOM value, the heavier the display color. (OTP products cannot adjust the display effect temporarily)
 
Q:LCD modulo software can not be registered, how to solve it?
A:Please contact the sales, he will help you solve it.
 
Q:Does it support external Flash?
A:At present, our program does not add external flash. If you have any requirements, please refer to GDEW075Z09 specification, interface SPI.
 
Q:When the e-paper starts again after deeping sleep, there will be residual images left. How to solve it?
A:A full screen refresh is required when waking up the e-paper to ensure that the screen completely eliminates image sticking.
 
Q:Why the refreshing time of a SPI interface screen is longer than the parallel one?
A:Because the SPI screen can only transmit 1 bit of data at a time, but the parallel e-paper display can transmit multiple bits of data at the same time.
 
Q:Can keil4 project be downloaded with keil5?
A:Yes, but the customer needs to recompile the keil4 project with keil5 and then download it.
 
Q:How to write my own drive?
A:Each e-paper has a corresponding program flow chart, and the customer can write the driver according to this flow chart.
 
Q:What are LUT and OTP?
A:The LUT is a load waveform file, and the waveform file is divided into two types: OTP and registration. The OTP is a built-in waveform storage mode, and the register is an external waveform storage mode.
 
Q:How to choose MOS tube?
A:You'd better choose these two models: Si1304BDL or Si1308EDL SOT-23 (SC70). Otherwise, the power consumption of electronic paper will be too large during the design process.
 
Q:How to choose a diode?
A:Customers can match based on component parameters,MBR0530 30V 0.5A.
 
Q:How to choose the inductance?
A:Choose a wirewound inductor, 10uH 1A 1210 wirewound inductor, the greater the rated current of the inductor, the more energy stored, the better the boosting effect.
 
Q:After the software is transplanted, the working current of the electronic paper becomes larger. What is the reason?
A:Under normal circumstances, the ARM chip is used. If you use another chip, you need to set the program. The SPI working frequency should not exceed 2MHZ.
 
Q:When designing the driver circuit, the specification description is different from the circuit schematic. How to choose?
A:When designing, please refer directly to the circuit schematic of our adapter board.
 
Q:E-paper adapter board docks with other MCU
A:Usually we use e-paper of SPI interfaces. When users use them on other MCU devices, they only need to connect directly to their IO ports according to the circuit schematics we provide. The IO ports should best avoid JTAG, SWD, UART. 
 
Q:Why the anti-display phenomenon occurs during the use of the e-paper display?
A:In fact, this is the process of e-paper refresh to eliminate the residual image, what you need is to see the final refresh screen. The refresh process can be ignored.
 
Q:Can I use only one-half or one-quarter of the screen?
A:Yes. You just need to use the CS of the corresponding area.
 
Q:Can I directly partial refresh the e-paper display from the power-off state?
A:No.Residual image can not be eliminated if direct partial refresh
 
Q:After the e-paper partial refresh the full screen multiple times, a part of the screen displays a little fade, why?
A:This phenomenon can occur if you use a long-term power-on or long-term brush during use. It is recommended that customers do not use long-term brushing when using e-paper, and do power-off or deep sleep treatment when not refreshing for a long time.
 
Q:Can I partially refresh at the same time in multiple locations of the screen?
A:Yes. You just need to update the data together after all is transferred.
 
Q:Does our e-paper support python?
A:No.
 
Q:How to switch from GDEH series to GDEW series?
A:In terms of driving, the RESE needs to be adjusted to 0.47 ohms, and the software needs to refer to the driver again.
 
Q:Why the BUSY pin is always busy?
A:Usually, this is caused by the fact that your boost circuit is not working.
 
Q:Why is my boost circuit always unable to boost?
A:We recommend customers to use AO3400 series MOS tube.
 
Q:What is the purpose of the step of refreshing to white on the screen?
A:This part is the process of clearing the screen of e-paper.
 
Q:How to choose the FPC socket of SPI e-paper?
A:We should choose the FPC socket pin spacing of 0.5mm, the specific 1 foot position is based on the 1st foot on the FPC of the e-paper.
 
Q:Can parallel port e-paper support Linux system migration?
A:Yes. But for the time being, there is no porting tutorial in this area. The porting principle refers to the migration process of other single-chip platforms.
 
Q:After partial refresh, I want to switch to full brush, but the screen can't display anything, why?
A:When switching from partial refresh to full brush, full brush initialization function is required.
 
 
Q:How to write a electronic paper drive?
A:There are driving flowcharts in the e-paper specification, you can refer to the flowchart to write the code, and the specification contains detailed control command descriptions.
 
 
Q:When using the TCON board, the customer doesn't know how to download, and also can not download a program from SPI interface.
A:Just plug the JTAG connector into the N_J1 interface, the gap is plugged in, and then you can download with it. In addition, due to the early design reasons, the TCON board does not support SPI interface downloading for the time being, and we will continue to upgrade functions in the future. Thank you.
 
 
Q:Can I shorten the time for the e-paper partial refresh time provided by you?
A:No, what we are offering now is the limit refresh time of the e-paper's IC, which can no longer be shortened.
 
Q:Does e-paper support picture rotation?
A:No. The direction of the picture can only be changed by modulo mode, and it can only be in the direction of 90 degrees.
 
Q:My e-paper will have a residual image when it is brushed against a white background. Why?
A:Because you do not clear the screen when you are performing a full white screen.
 
Q:Can I drive an e-paper without using an external crystal?
A:This depends on the MCU. If the MCU used by the customer supports the internal crystal, then that is OK.
 
Q:Can I drive directly without the AVT6203 when making a parallel e-paper COG package?
A:At present, our company's e-paper is all COG package. When the parallel e-paper is not suitable for external TCON chip, it can simulate TCON action through single-chip software, which is soft TCON. This way can not support partial refresh, and the response speed will also be slower.
 
Q:Can e-paper be used in the sun?
A:There must be sunlight blocking, otherwise the electronic paper will be damaged to varying degrees under direct sunlight.
 
Q:The content displayed of the e-paper is a bit offset, why?
A:Usually, it is caused by the instability of the customer's power supply.
 
Q:How can I confirm the direction of refresh of the e-paper?
A:Normally, the top right corner of the screen is the origin of the coordinates. From the origin of the coordinate to below is the X axis, to the right is the Y axis.
 
Q:After the electronic paper is powered off, streaks appear on the screen.Why?
A:This is because the customer did not add a sleep command before powering down.
 
Q:The white color displayed by red e-paper is lighter than the white displayed by black and white e-paper. Why?
A:Because there are red components in the red three-color e-paper, when the white color is displayed, the red particles will affect the display of the white particles, so it will be lighter. In addition, the white particles in the microcapsules of the three-color e-paper are less than those of the monochrome e-paper.
 
Q:The BUSY pin of my e-paper has always been busy, why?
A:Usually, this is because the customer's SPI serial port has not been successfully transplanted, resulting in the e-paper IC not working at all.
 
Q:I am looking for a replacement for the components of the driver circuit.
A:At present, SI1308EDL can be replaced by AO3400. There are no recommended models for other components.

 

TypeInfo: Technical Support

Keywords for the information:How to drive e-paper display  E-ink Display technology